In the Designing a Hand Warmer Inquiry Lab Solution for AP® Chemistry, students investigate energy changes and calorimetry with formations of solutions. Students challenge themselves to design the best, all-around hand warmer.
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Big Idea 5, Investigation 12, Primary Learning Objective 5.7
The energy changes accompanying physical and chemical transformations have many consumer applications. The backbone of these applications is calorimetry—measuring heat transfer.
Students investigate the energy changes accompanying the formations of solutions for common laboratory salts, and then apply the results to design a hand warmer that is reliable, safe, nontoxic and inexpensive. The students begin by familiarizing themselves with the principles of calorimetry and heat of solution calculations. The results provide a model for the guided-inquiry challenge. Students are given a series of solids, along with their costs and individual Safety Data Sheets (SDSs). The challenge is to determine the heat of solution for each solid and analyze the cost and safety information to propose a design for the best, all-around hand warmer.
Complete for 24 students working in pairs.
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